Skip to main navigation menu Skip to main content Skip to site footer

The Effect of Sino-Indian War, 1962 on Ethnic Communities of Arunachal Pradesh

Abstract

The study is an attempt to analyse the socio-economic consequences of Sino-Indian war of 1962 on the ethnic communities of North-East Frontier Agency (NEFA), the present state of Arunachal Pradesh, geospatially located in North-East India. A careful analysis of the pre-independent history of the region suggests that both Ahoms and British rulers followed a policy of non-interference in the region as it was predominantly a tribal area. After independence, the Indian Government also followed the policy of minimal governance. The vital issues of infrastructure were also not given much emphasis until the war of 1962. As the Government realised the strategic importance of the state, a significant change in government policy can be witnessed. Apart from initiating development in infrastructure of the state, efforts were also made to nationalise the frontier. The present research aims to document the socio-economic changes brought by the war, using a critical analysis of a wide range of sources.

Keywords

Ethnic Identity, NEFA, Sino-Indian War, Hegemony, Nationalisation, Arunachal Pradesh, India

pdf

References

  1. Aiyadurai, A., & Lee, C. (2017). Living on the Sino-Indian Border: The Story of Mishmis in Arunachal Pradesh. Asian Ethnology, 76(2), 367-395. DOI: 10.2307/90017668
  2. Barpujari, H. (2007). The Comprehensive History of Assam, Vol 3 (3rd ed., p. 99). Guwahati: Publication Board, Assam.
  3. Baruah, J. (2017). On the Border of India and China, the Adi Face a Confluence of Issues. Retrieved 9 April 2020 from https://www.culturalsurvival.org/news/border-india-and-china-adi-face-confluence-issues
  4. Baruah, S. (2003). Nationalising Space: Cosmetic Federalism and the Politics of Development in Northeast India. Development and Change, 34, 915-39 doi: 10.1111/j.1467-7660.2003.00334.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-7660.2003.00334.x
  5. Baruah, S. (1985). A Comprehensive History of Assam (1st ed., pp. 391-395). Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers.
  6. Bertil, D. ,Jaoul, N. &Kanungo, P. (2011). Cultural Entrenchment of Hindutva: Local Mediations and Forms of Convergence (pp. 103-17). Routledge India
  7. Bhattacharjya, R. (1991). Working of Constitutional Reforms in Assam 1906-1946 (PhD). Gauhati University.
  8. Burkitt, L., Scobell, A., &Wortzel, L. (2003). The Lessons of History: The Chinese People's Liberation Army at 75 (1st ed., p. 343). American Enterprise Institute. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21236/ADA417717
  9. Chowdhury, J. (1996). Arunachal Panorama: A Study in Profile (p. 249-260). Itanagar: Directorate of Research.
  10. Cultural Roots of Arunachal Pradesh. (2019). Retrieved 7 May 2020, from https://blog.mygov.in/cultural-roots-of-arunachal-pradesh/
  11. Dalvi, J. P. (1969). Himalayan Blunder (pp. 127-128).Bombay: Thacker & Company Limited.
  12. Dawar, J. (2001) Contending Hegemonies in Arunachal Pradesh Since 1950s: Language, Script and Tribal Cultural identity among the Adi, Proceedings of Indian History Congress, 62, 637-648 DOI: 10.2307/44144162
  13. Elwin, V. (1959). A Philosophy for NEFA (2nd ed., pp. 8-13). Shillong: North-East Frontier Agency.
  14. Guyot-Réchard, B. (2017). Shadow States: India, China and the Himalayas,1910-1962 (1st ed.). Cambridge University Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781316796894
  15. Hindustan Standard. (1963). Chinese Resisted by Villagers:Story of Courage and Patriotism, p. 4.
  16. History. (2020). Retrieved 12 March 2020, from https://itanagar.nic.in/history/
  17. Hussain, M. (1998). Encyclopaedia of North-East India, Vol 1 (1st ed., pp. 11-31). New Delhi: Rima Publishing House.
  18. India, G. (2006). Official History of the 1962 India China War - Bharat Rakshak - Indian Army & Land Forces. Retrieved 6 May 2020, from https://bharat-rakshak.com/ARMY/history/1962war/266-official-history.html
  19. Joshy, P., & Seethi, K. (2015). State and Civil Society under Siege: Hindutva, Security and Militarism in India (1st ed., p. 52). Sage Publications India.
  20. Kumar, B. (2013). Unknown and Unsung: Indian Air Force in Sino-Indian War of 1962 (1st ed., pp. 6-11). KW Publishers.
  21. Lintner, B. (2018). China's India War: Collision Course on the Roof of the World (1st ed.). Oxford University Press.
  22. Maxwell, N. (1970). India's China war (2nd ed., pp. 40-56). Jaico Pub. House.
  23. Naqvi, S. (2018). Arunachal Tribe against Tiger Reserve. Hindustan Times. Retrieved 26 April 2020, from https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/arunachal-tribe-against-tiger-reserve/story-40UTJv4W8Y3cu1713faA3L.html.
  24. Oinam, S. (2012). India Lost War with China but Won Arunachal’s Heart. Retrieved 14July 2018, from https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/India-lost-war-with-China-but-won-Arunachals-heart/articleshow/17039530.cms
  25. Pande, B. (1997). Arunachal Pradesh: Village State to Statehood (p. 8). Itanagar: Himalayan.
  26. Rechard, B. (2018). Coping with Defeat: Indian Posters of the 1962 Sino-Indian War. Retrieved 13 April 2020, from https://histecon.fas.harvard.edu/invisible-histories/captions/defeat/index.html
  27. Sadatulla, M. (2013). 1962 War: Supplying from the Air (1st ed.). KW Publishers.
  28. Sharma, M. (2008). Economy of Arunachal Pradesh: Problems, Performance and Prospects (p. 20). Guwahati: DVS Publishers.
  29. Sharma, P. (1988). Architecture of Assam (p. 205). Delhi: Agam Kala Prakashan.
  30. Singh, M. (2011). Arunachal Pradesh: Wonderland with Explosive Frontier. The Indian Journal of Political Science, 72(1), 205. Retrieved from, https://www.jstor.org/stable/42748418?seq=1 DOI: 10.2307/42748418
  31. Verma, S. (2016). 1962: The War That Wasn't (1st ed.). Aleph Book Company.
  32. Zavos, J., Kanungo, P., Reddy, D., Warrier, M., & Williams, R. (2012). Public Hinduisms (1st ed., p. 90). Sage Publications India.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.