Evaluation of Influence of Innovation on Enterprise Productivity
Abstract
In small and medium-sized enterprises of Kazakhstan, not enough attention has been paid to the relationship between innovation and enterprise productivity, as well as the measurement of the existing relationship. Therefore, the purpose of the article is to study the impact of innovations (productive or process, organisational, marketing) on the productivity of small and medium-sized enterprises of Kazakhstan. The data used in the research were obtained from the review conducted by the Business Environment and Enterprise Performance Survey and the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development and the World Bank. Besides, the results of the survey among small and medium-sized enterprises of Kazakhstan conducted in 2012-2014 were considered as well. Based on the survey results, descriptive statistics and correlation and regression analysis were conducted. According to the results of the study and econometric analysis, model creation and evaluation, the positive impact of innovation, investment and R&D on the performance of small and medium-sized enterprises in Kazakhstan was established. In conclusion, it can be stated that in order to increase the level of innovative activity, enterprises must focus their activities on expanding the production of new or improved products, be competitive in the market due to the application of new technologies and improve the quality of products.
Keywords
Innovation, Productivity, Innovative Activity, R&D, Investment, Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises
References
Acs, Z. J., & Audretsch, D. B. (1988). Innovation in large and small firms: An empirical analysis. American Economic Review, 78(4), 678–690.
Agency for Statistics of the Ministry of National Economy of the Republic of Kazakhstan. (n.d.). Retrieved 12 March 2018 from http://www.stat.gov.kz.
Business Environment and Enterprise Performance Survey (BEEPS V) and The European Bank for Reconstruction and Development and the World Bank. (2018).
Griffith, R., Huergo, E., Mairesse, J., & Peters, B. (2006). Innovation and productivity across four European countries. Oxford Review of Economic Policy, 22(4), 483–498.
Hadhri, W., Arvanitis, R., & M’Henni, H. (2016). Determinants of innovation activities in small and open economies: The Lebanese business sector. Journal of Innovation Economics & Management, 3(21), 77–107.
Hall, B. H. (2011). Innovation and Productivity. Working Paper No. 17178. Retrieved 25 April 2018, from http://www.nber.org/papers/w17178.
Hall, B. H., Lotti, F., & Mairesse, J. (2009). Innovation and Productivity in SMEs: Empirical Evidence for Italy. Small Business Economics, 33, 13–33.
Hoffman, K., Parejo, M., Bessant, J., & Perren, L. (1998). Small firms, R&D, technology and innovation in the UK: A literature review. Technovation, 18(1), 39–55.
Kazakhstan Stock Exchange JSC. (n.d.). Retrieved 25 April 2018, from http://www.kase.kz/.
Kufel, T. (2007). Ekonometrika: Reshenie zadach s primeneniem paketa programm GRETL [Econometrics: Solving problems using the GRETLS programme package]. Moscow: Goriachaia liniia-Telekom.
Mairesse, J., Mohnen, P., & Kremp, E. (2005). The Importance of R&D and Innovation for Productivity: A Re-Examination in Light of the French Innovation Survey. Annales d’Economie et de Statistique, 79(80), 487–527.
Mukhametzhanova, Zh. S. (2017a). Factor analysis of innovative activities in Kazakhstan. Statistika, 3(66), 114–122.
Mukhametzhanova, Zh. S. (2017b). The economic analysis of the innovative activity of the enterprises of Kazakhstan. In Modern Research of the Basic Directions of Technical and Social Sciences: Materials of the International Scientific and Practical Conference. Kazan, pp. 703-706.
Rakhmetova, R. U. (2015). Econometrics: Textbook. Almaty: Ekonomika.
Vlachy, J. (2017). The Value of Innovation in Nanotechnology. Engineering Economics, 28(5), 535–541.